Work

Case Report: Uncommon presentation of Ewing sarcoma complicated by hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: a diagnostic dilemma and therapeutic challenge

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), also referred to as hemophagocytic syndrome (HPS), is a life-threatening condition characterized by excessive immune activation. It is commonly associated with genetic mutations, infections, autoimmune diseases, and malignancies. Malignancy-associated HLH (M-HLH) is most frequently observed in hematologic malignancies, such as lymphoma and leukemia, while its occurrence in solid tumors is exceedingly rare. Here, we report a unique case of temporal bone Ewing sarcoma complicated by HLH and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. Despite intensive chemotherapy, the patient ultimately succumbed to multi-organ failure and septic shock. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first documented case of Ewing sarcoma associated with HLH.

Source: Frontiers in Oncology

DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2025.1613906

Authors: Zhuan Zou, Bin Chen, Fajuan Tang, Xihong Li, Chengshuang Huang

Institutions: Sichuan University, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University

Language: English

Topic: Autoimmune and Inflammatory Disorders Research

Subfield: Hematology

Field: Medicine

Domain: Health Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $3,801