Work

Battery-Powered AGV Scheduling and Routing Optimization with Flexible Dual-Threshold Charging Strategy in Automated Container Terminals

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: Battery-powered automatic guided vehicles (B-AGVs) serve as crucial horizontal transportation equipment in terminals and significantly impact the terminal transportation efficiency. Imbalanced B-AGV availability during terminal peak and off-peak periods is driven by dynamic vessel arrivals. We propose a flexible dual-threshold charging (FDTC) strategy synchronized with vessel dynamics. Unlike the static threshold charging (STC) strategy, FDTC dynamically adjusts its charging thresholds based on terminal workload intensity. And we develop a collaborative B-AGV scheduling and routing optimization model incorporating FDTC. A tailored Dijkstra-Partition neighborhood search (Dijkstra-Pns) algorithm is designed to resolve the problem in alignment with practical scenarios. Compared to the STC strategy, FDTC strategy significantly reduces the maximum B-AGV running time and decreases conflict waiting delays and charging times by 25.04% and 24.41%, respectively. Moreover, FDTC slashes quay crane (QC) waiting time by 40.78%, substantially boosting overall terminal operational efficiency.

Source: Journal of Marine Science and Engineering

DOI: 10.3390/jmse13081526

Authors: Wenwen Guo, Huapeng Hu, Mei Sha, Jiarong Lian, Xiongfei Yang

Institution: Shanghai Maritime University

Language: English

Topic: Maritime Ports and Logistics

Subfield: Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering

Field: Engineering

Domain: Physical Sciences

SDGs: Industry, innovation and infrastructure, Affordable and clean energy

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $3,137