Antioxidant Effects of Compound K-Enriched Sprout Ginseng Extract and Its Anti-Inflammatory Effects on RAW 264.7 Macrophages
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: This study was conducted to investigate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of sprout ginseng extract containing compound K.The highest amount of compound K (1.25 mg/g) was produced when the sprout ginseng hot water extract was treated with a mixture of 2% v/v Pyr-flo and 2% v/v Rapidase C80max (2% P＋2% R).The total polyphenol content, total flavonoid content, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging ability, 2,2′ -azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical scavenging ability, and superoxide dismutase-like activity of this reaction product were measured to be higher than those of the other six sprout ginseng samples (P≤0.05).The anti-inflammatory effects were evaluated by treating lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages with the sprout ginseng samples (50 µg/mL).Compared to the LPS-treated group, all the sprout ginseng samples inhibited the production of nitric oxide (NO) and the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and pro-inflammatory cytokines [tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β] (P≤ 0.05).The enzymatic reaction product of sprout ginseng with the highest compound K content (2% P＋2% R) showed anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting NO, iNOS, and COX-2 expression by 95.4%, 74.5%, and 95.1%, respectively, and by suppressing the production of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β by 89.7%, 93.2%, and 91%, respectively, compared to the LPS-alone treated group.These results suggest that sprout ginseng hot water extract containing compound K may have enhanced antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.
Authors: Chaeyeon Song, Daeun Hwang, Sowon Yang, Hee-Jae Suh
Institution: Sun Moon University
Language: English
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
OpenAlex ID: W4413272235