Work

A Lightweight Batch Authenticated Key Agreement Scheme Based on Fog Computing for VANETs

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: In recent years, fog-based vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs) has become a hot research topic. Due to the inherent insecurity of open wireless channels between vehicles and fog nodes, establishing session keys through authenticated key agreement (AKA) protocols is critically important for securing communications. However, existing AKA schemes face several critical challenges: (1) When a large number of vehicles initiate AKA requests within a short time window, existing schemes that process requests one by one individually incur severe signaling congestion, resulting in significant quality of service degradation. (2) Many AKA schemes incur excessive computational and communication overhead due to the adoption of computationally intensive cryptographic primitives (e.g., bilinear pairings and scalar multiplications on elliptic curve groups) and unreasonable design choices, making them unsuitable for the low-latency requirements of VANETs. To address these issues, we propose a lightweight batch AKA scheme based on fog computing. In our scheme, when a group of vehicles requests AKA sessions with the same fog node within the set time interval, the fog node aggregates these requests and, with assistance from the traffic control center, establishes session keys for all vehicles by a round of operations. It has significantly reduced the operational complexity of the entire system. Moreover, our scheme employs Lagrange interpolation and lightweight cryptographic tools, thereby significantly reducing both computational and communication overhead. Additionally, our scheme supports conditional privacy preservation and includes a revocation mechanism for malicious vehicles. Security analysis demonstrates that the proposed scheme meets the security and privacy requirements of VANETs. Performance evaluation indicates that our scheme outperforms existing state-of-the-art solutions in terms of efficiency.

Source: Symmetry

DOI: 10.3390/sym17081350

Authors: Lihui Li, Huacheng Zhang, Song Li, Jianming Liu, Chi Chen

Institutions: Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Wenzhou University of Technology

Language: English

Topic: Advanced Authentication Protocols Security

Subfield: Computer Networks and Communications

Field: Computer Science

Domain: Physical Sciences

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $2,896

Funder: National Natural Science Foundation of China