Work

344. Pharmaco-omics of Acamprosate Treatment Response: From Clinical Trial to Biomarker Discovery

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: Background Acamprosate is an FDA-approved medication for the treatment of alcohol use disorder (AUD), however, only about 50% of patients will respond to acamprosate. Previously, we conducted an acamprosate trial (n=442), which is one of the largest acamprosate clinical studies ever conducted and currently the only study with multi-omics data. To date, no biological measures are utilized to predict response to acamprosate treatment. Aims & Objectives We set out to apply our established pharmaco-omics informed genomics strategy to identify potential biomarkers associated with acamprosate treatment response. Method Our open-label acamprosate clinical trial recruited 442 patients with AUD, all of whom were treated with acamprosate for three months. The primary outcomes were 1) relapse to alcohol use and 2) relapse to heavy drinking. Alcohol consumption was measured using the self-reported timeline follow back method. Plasma protein levels were measured using Olink proximity extension immunoassays. Results Our established “Pharmaco-Omics-informed genome-wide association study (GWAS)” research strategy identified 12 proteins, including interleukin-17 receptor B (IL17RB), that were associated with acamprosate treatment response. A GWAS for IL17RB concentrations identified several genome-wide significant signals. Specifically, the top hit single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs6801605 with a minor allele frequency of 38% in the European American population mapped 4 kilobase (Kb) upstream of IL17RB, and intron 1 of the choline dehydrogenase (CHDH) gene on chromosome 3 (p: 4.8E-20). The variant genotype (AA) for the SNP rs6801605 was associated with lower IL17RB protein expression. In addition, we identified a series of genetic variants in IL17RB that were associated with acamprosate treatment outcomes. Furthermore, the variant genotypes for all of those IL17RB SNPs were protective against alcohol relapse. Finally, we demonstrated that the basal level of mRNA expression of IL17RB was inversely correlated with those of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) subunits, and a significantly higher expression of NF-κB subunits was observed in AUD patients who relapsed to alcohol use. Discussion & Conclusions This study illustrates that IL17RB genetic variants might contribute to acamprosate treatment outcomes. This series of studies represents an important step toward generating functional hypotheses that could be tested to gain insight into mechanisms underlying variation in acamprosate treatment response phenotypes.

Source: The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology

DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyaf052.138