Work

NMR-Based Serum Metabolomics and Correlation Analysis Unraveled Metabolic Alterations Underlying Pathophysiology of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a growing global health concern, with a high prevalence among individuals aged 45-50 years and above. Chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction play pivotal roles in its progression. This clinical metabolomics study aimed to identify distinct metabolic alterations associated with insulin resistance and other clinical features of T2DM. Fasting serum samples from 43 T2DM patients (mean age 51 ± 9 years) and 34 age- and sex-matched controls (mean age 49 ± 11 years) were analyzed using 800 MHz NMR spectroscopy. Serum metabolite concentrations were quantified using CHENOMX software and compared using multivariate and univariate statistical methods, with the diagnostic potential evaluated through receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. T2DM patients exhibited elevated levels of glucose, mannose, urea, glutamate, and phenylalanine-to-tyrosine ratio (PTR), alongside reduced levels of alanine, valine, threonine, histidine, glutamine, and key metabolic ratios such as glutamine-to-glucose (QGR), alanine-to-glucose (AGR), glutamine-to-glutamate (QER), and glutamine-to-mannose (QMR). Metabolic alterations suggest heightened inflammation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, which is disrupting glucose-alanine cycling, the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA), and glutamine and amino acid metabolism. This study highlights the role of metabolomics in understanding T2DM pathophysiology and offers potential biomarkers for improved diagnosis and disease management.

Source: ACS Omega

DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.5c04538

Authors: Rimjhim Trivedi, Shubham Kumar, Pramod Kumar, Sanjay Yadav, Sada Shiv, Dinesh Kumar

Institutions: Centre of Biomedical Research, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences

Language: English

Topic: Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Studies

Subfield: Molecular Biology

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Domain: Life Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $1,935