Work

Techno-economic comparison of ammonia cracking and separation using metal membrane and pressure swing adsorption

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: Ammonia is a promising hydrogen (H 2 ) carrier, enabling efficient storage and transport. This study presents a comparative techno-economic assessment of two hydrogen separation approaches downstream of ammonia cracking: pressure swing adsorption (PSA), which is commercially established, and metal membrane separation, which remains at an early stage of development. Based on literature data, metal membranes achieve 99 % hydrogen purity, while PSA yields 85 % recovery. Techno economic analysis shows metal membranes consume 7.4 MWh per tonne H 2 , compared to 8.5 MWh per tonne H 2 for PSA. Metal membranes also involve higher material costs and embrittlement risks, while PSA offers lower capital and operating costs. Economic analysis shows metal membranes yield a net present value (NPV) of USD 420 million and internal rate of return (IRR) of 28 %, while PSA achieves USD 410 million (NPV) and 25 % IRR. PSA remains more viable for large scale use, while membranes may suit high purity applications.

Source: International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.150904

Authors: Venkatakrishnan Balasubramanian, Nawshad Haque, Suresh K. Bhargava, Rajarathinam Parthasarathy

Institutions: RMIT University, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation

Language: English

Topic: Membrane Separation and Gas Transport

Subfield: Mechanical Engineering

Field: Engineering

Domain: Physical Sciences

SDGs: Affordable and clean energy, Industry, innovation and infrastructure

Open Access status: hybrid

Estimated APC paid: $3,730