Year: 2025
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: The current study looked at the level of Spiritual Intelligence (SI), its relationship to Quality of Life (QoL) and Resilience, and gender variations in SI among undergraduate students at the University of Peshawar. A correlational study approach was used using a total sample of 364 students (182 men, 182 females) drawn from stratified and multi-stage random sampling. Participants filled out the 29-item Spiritual Intelligence Questionnaire (SIQ), the WHOQOL-BREF, and the Brief Resilience Scale (BRS). Statistical analysis was performed using the Pearson Product-Moment Correlation and Independent Samples t-tests. The study found substantial positive connections between SI and QoL (r =.475, p <.001), SI and Resilience (r =.498, p <.001), and QoL and Resilience (r =.380, p <.001), verifying all hypotheses. Gender-based analysis revealed that female students performed considerably better on SI (M = 128.76, SD = 11.22) than male students (M = 114.86, SD = 15.06), t(362) = 9.75, p <.001. These findings highlight the significance of Spiritual Intelligence as a protective psychological factor that promotes well-being and resilience in young people. The data also show significant gender disparities in SI levels, emphasising the necessity for culturally appropriate psychological treatments in higher education.
Authors: Uzma Javed, Mehreen Mehreen, Erum Irshad
Institutions: Government of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, University of Peshawar
Language: English
Subfield: Health
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
OpenAlex ID: W4413296329