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Uncommon Presentation of Mastocytosis: Focus on the Xanthelasmoid Variant

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: Xanthelasmoid mastocytosis (XM) is a rare form of diffuse cutaneous mastocytosis whose clinical presentation may resemble multiple juvenile xanthogranulomas. We report the case of a two-year-old child who presented with multiple yellowish papules and nodules, with a firm to elastic consistency, symmetrically distributed over the face, the base of the neck, trunk, and limbs. Dermoscopy and histology confirmed the diagnosis of XM. The patient was successfully treated with H1-antihistamines and high-potency topical corticosteroids. This case highlights the importance of considering XM as a rare variant of diffuse cutaneous mastocytosis that may be confused with multiple juvenile xanthogranulomas.

Source: Cureus

DOI: 10.7759/cureus.90426

Authors: Salma Kozmane, Hanane Baybay, Aya Tadlaoui, Zakia Douhi, FatimaZahra Mernissi

Institution: Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Hassan II

Language: English

Topic: Mast cells and histamine

Subfield: Immunology

Field: Immunology and Microbiology

Domain: Life Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: diamond

OpenAlex ID: W4413298332