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Urrets-Zavalia Syndrome After Posterior Chamber Phakic Intraocular Lens Implantation: An Unusual Complication

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: An Unusual ComplicationDear Editor, Urrets-Zavalia syndrome (UZS), also known as Castroviejo syndrome, is characterized by a fixed dilated pupil and is a recognized complication of various anterior segment surgeries, including cataract surgery, deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty, Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty, trabeculectomy, iridoplasty, goniotomy, C3F8 injection into the anterior chamber (AC), and phakic intraocular lens (P-IOL) implantation.1,2 The reported incidence in the published literature ranges from 0% to 17.7%, depending on the type of surgery performed and numerous intraoperative and postoperative factors. 1 The pathophysiology of UZS involves iris ischemia causing sphincter muscle atrophy or damage to the radial parasympathetic fibers that innervate the pupil constrictor muscles.Neuronal injury can result from direct trauma or alteration in the acetylcholine mechanism leading to parasympathetic dysfunction.Atrophy of the iris sphincter muscle may be due to surgical injury, use of mydriatic agents,

Source: Turkish Journal of Ophthalmology

DOI: 10.4274/tjo.galenos.2025.89356

Authors: Mamta Singh, Alok Ranjan, Noor Husain

Institutions: All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rajkot, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna Medical College and Hospital, Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences

Language: English

Topic: Intraocular Surgery and Lenses

Subfield: Ophthalmology

Field: Medicine

Domain: Health Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: diamond

OpenAlex ID: W4413373906