Work

Predictive immunonutritional biomarkers for the severity and recovery of sudden sensorineural hearing loss: a prospective clinical study

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: Background: Systemic immune-inflammatory index (SII) and prognostic nutritional index (PNI) are known to predict the severity and prognosis of various diseases. However, their role in sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) is unclear. Methods: This study collected 100 patients with SSNHL and 100 healthy volunteers. According to the severity, type, prognosis and SII and PNI levels of SSNHL, we used the Spearman linear correlation method to conduct correlation analysis. At the same time, we constructed logistic regression analysis to explore the predictive value of PNI and SII on the prognosis of SSNHL patients, and used ROC curves to verify the prognostic model. Cohen's d values were calculated for select significantly different parameters to assess effect sizes. Results: < 0.001). At the same time, compared with patients with mild and moderate SSNHL, patients with severe SSNHL had the lowest PNI levels and the highest SII levels. PNI showed a negative correlation with hearing loss severity once the proper categorization of severity was taken into account, whereas SII was positively correlated with severity. After adjusting for potential confounders, both high SII and low PNI were independently associated with worse prognosis in SSNHL. Effect size analysis (Cohen's d) revealed moderate practical significance in the differences in PNI levels between groups. Conclusion: In patients with SSNHL, PNI levels were significantly lowered, while SII levels were significantly higher. Furthermore, a negative correlation was observed between these two indicators. A negative correlation between PNI and SSNHL severity and a positive correlation between SII and severity were observed. These findings suggest that PNI and SII could serve as potential biomarkers for predicting SSNHL prognosis.

Source: Frontiers in Neurology

DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2025.1542386

Authors: Xu Zhang, Weixun Guo, Bing Guan, Chunping Yang

Institutions: Nanchang University, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou University

Language: English

Topic: Vestibular and auditory disorders

Subfield: Neurology

Field: Neuroscience

Domain: Life Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $3,801