Delayed inertial control-based coordinated frequency support using wind turbine generators
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: This paper proposes a novel delayed inertia control (DIC)-based coordinated frequency support framework for wind turbine generators (WTGs), effectively utilizing their limited energy storage (LES) in rotating mass to support system frequency following power disturbances. A theoretical energy balance analysis is first conducted, revealing that the optimal timing for utilizing the LES in enhancing frequency nadir should lie between the inertia response and the full responses of primary frequency regulation (PFR) of synchronous generators (SGs). Based on this, the DIC concept is proposed to compensate for the energy deficiency caused by the time delay of PFR. Then, coordinated with PFR, a heuristic-based configuration method for DIC-based WTGs is proposed. By evaluating the wind power loss per unit released LES and ranking the priority of WTGs in DIC, it can determine which WTGs should employ DIC in a fast and energy-efficient manner. Finally, an adaptive frequency control strategy is proposed for DIC-based WTG. An explicit functional relationship between key DIC parameters and LES is established, enabling adaptive energy release to support frequency against fluctuating wind conditions. Simulations on a modified IEEE 39-bus power system validate the effectiveness of the proposed framework in enhancing system frequency nadir while ensuring the WTG’s rotor speed safety.
Authors: Chenhui Zhang, Xianzhuo Sun, Deyu Cai, Lei Ding, Weiyu Bao, Rui Ma, Vladimir Terzija
Institutions: Shandong University, Newcastle University
Language: English
Topic: Wind Turbine Control Systems
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $3,920
OpenAlex ID: W4413513462