Apparent violations of the second law in the quantum-classical dynamics of interacting levitated nanoparticles
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: Random exchanges of energy arise naturally in stochastic systems. As a consequence, apparent violations of the second law of thermodynamics can occur at the trajectory level, even though the law holds true on average. Here, we investigate the occurrence of these apparent violations-termed free lunches-in a quantum-classical system comprised of levitated nanoparticles exchanging energy via the Coulomb interaction. We consider different initial states for the quantum system, and how these exert work and fluctuations upon the classical particle affecting the probability of free lunches. With that, we initiate the study of hybrid quantum-classical systems through the lens of stochastic thermodynamics.
Source: Physical review. E
DOI: 10.1103/5s83-qzzk
Authors: Pedro V. Paraguassú, Thiago Guerreiro
Institution: Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro
Language: English
Subfield: Statistical and Nonlinear Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: green
Funders: Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Amapá, Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo, Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto Serrapilheira
OpenAlex ID: W4413577469