Evaluating The Efficiency of Industrial Water Treatment Unit at Baiji Refinery According to International Environmental Standards
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: This study was conducted to evaluate the treatment unit for industrial water from Baiji refinery located in Salahuddin Governorate for three months (2023), and it was found that the temperature ranged between (15-27), while turbidity reached (2.9-14.9) NTU, while electrical conductivity values were (569-801) µS/ cm. While the upper limit of total hardness, calcium and magnesium hardness reached about (140.67, 117.00 and 41.00) Milligrams per liter as Ca CO3, respectively, as well as the upper limit of chloride ion reached about (53.0) milligrams per liter, nitrate (1.560) micrograms per liter and nitrite (0.250) micrograms per liter. 250 micrograms / liter, sulfate (265.33) milligrams / liter, phosphate (0.510) micrograms / liter, as for dissolved oxygen and chemical oxygen demand, their values reached (3.67) milligrams / liter and (0.889), respectively The concentration of heavy metals such as lead, nickel, cadmium, zinc, cobalt and chromium reached the upper limit of (0.16287, 0.1651, 0.12992, 1.3487, 0.05178, 0.01919) ppm, respectively, while the water was free of mercury and arsenic elements. The study showed that the water specifications were within the limits allowed by the World Health Organization and the US Environmental Protection Agency.
Source: Tikrit Journal of Pure Science
Institutions: University of Tikrit, University of Abou Bekr Belkaïd
Language: English
Subfield: Water Science and Technology
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W4413611465