Expanded theory of relativity: Demonstrating wave-particle duality as an integral part of relativity theory
Year: 2025
Type: preprint
Abstract: We present a geometric framework that promotes time from a scalar parameter to a genuine three-dimensional temporal vector whose local orientation is encoded by a quaternionic rotor field\[R(x)=\exp\big(Q(x)\big),\qquad Q(x)\in\mathfrak{su}(2).\]Starting from block-boost consistency in a six-dimensional Clifford space, the effective projection onto physical coordinates reproduces the standard Lorentz interval while introducing a new dynamical sector (the \emph{flag}) that coexists with the usual particle worldline (the \emph{pole}). Requiring the rotor to be Lie-dragged along particle worldlines yields a universal first-order wave equation for a flag field \(\Psi\),\[i \varepsilon^\mu \Sigma^\mu\partial_\mu\Psi - A^{Q} \rho^{Q\prime}(\Psi^\dagger\Psi) \Psi = 0,\]valid across spin representations via \(\Sigma^\mu\in\{\mathbf{1},S_1,S_2,S_3\}\). In appropriate representations and limits the formalism reproduces Dirac-, Klein–Gordon- and Maxwell-type dynamics. Separation of variables in the spin-\(\tfrac12\) flag equation reduces to Kummer’s confluent hypergeometric form and reproduces the Dirac–Coulomb hydrogenic spectrum. The rotor sector generically produces falsifiable signatures — notably small spatially varying clock shifts and anomalous spin-precession terms — which can be constrained by precision atomic clocks and spin-interferometry. We close by outlining paths to determine the temporal potential \(V^{Q}\), couple the rotor to gravity, and quantize the flag sector.
Author: J. Manuel Oliveira
Language: English
Subfield: Astronomy and Astrophysics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: gold
OpenAlex ID: W4413611640