P89 | Macrophage activation syndrome secondary to salmonellosis
Year: 2025
Type: article
Study design: Case Report
Abstract: Premises: Macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) is a potentially life-threatening condition belonging to the histiocytoses, characterized by abnormal activation of the macrophage system and T lymphocytes, resulting in a cytokine and inflammatory storm capable of causing rapidly progressive generalized systemic damage. Diagnostic delay is an important negative prognostic factor.Case study: We report a case of MAS secondary to group E salmonellosis in a 29-year-old patient admitted for persistent fever, which started after a trip to Thailand, initially without associated organ symptoms. Biochemical tests revealed mild leukopenia and thrombocytopenia, increased liver cytolysis markers, hypertriglyceridemia, and hyperferritinemia. The clinical picture rapidly deteriorated, leading to the development of multi-organ failure (MOF) requiring treatment in an intensive care setting. After the diagnosis was confirmed, the patient was treated with methylprednisolone 1 mg/kg/day, with an excellent clinical response.Conclusions: MAS can be secondary to other diseases belonging to various specialist fields. The diagnosis is difficult, typically requiring the exclusion of other causes. One of the biggest dangers is diagnostic delay, which can lead to catastrophic consequences, even death, in patients without comorbidities and in excellent general condition. In the presence of suggestive clinical and laboratory findings, MAS should be considered early in the differential diagnosis.
Source: Italian Journal of Medicine
Authors: Vo Van Kha, Tran Thi Huong Ly, Pham Thi Thanh Hoa, Vo Huynh Nhu, Damas Hendriansyah, Nusratuddin Abdullah, Rudy B. Leonardy, Mardiah Tahir, Samrichard Rambulangi, Firdaus Hamid, Filomena Pietrantonio, Vera Kopsaj, Francesco Rosiello, Aurora Tomassoni, Luca Moriconi, Donatella Padua, Kiki Rizki Amelia, Efendi Lukas, Nurbani Bangsawan, Isharyah Sunarno, Retno Budiarti Farid, Sriwijaya Qadar, Rabab H. Elshaikh, Ashok Kumar Sah, Abdelrahman Mohamed Abukanna, Abdulrahman Algarni, Ammar Abdelmola, Hussam Ali Osman, Tagwa Yousif Elsayed Yousif, Elryah I. Ali, Hiba Ali, Ayman Hussein Alfeel, Thanh Long Nguyen, Victor Storm, Lam Toi Phung, Cong Thien Le, Thi Thu Ha Le, Thi Hoa Nguyen, Son Tung Vu, Thien Thang Tran, Minh Hanh Vu, Van Tuan Nguyen, Francesco Ventrella, Anna Belfiore, Antonio Greco, Franco Mastroianni, Salvatore Lenti, Domenico Ruggiero, Michele Cannone, Vincenzo Ostilio Palmieri, Massimo Errico, Giuseppe Mancia, Guido Grassi, Sverre E. Kjeldsen
Language: English
Subfield: Hematology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W4413656014