Work

Sex differences in upper-body strength, lean mass, and bone density across the adult lifespan: insights into musculoskeletal aging and strength preservation

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: This study reveals that upper-body strength declines more rapidly in males than females with age, whereas trending results suggest that bone mineral density may show a stronger decline in female participants. We found that upper-body strength and lean mass predict arm bone mineral density, and these relationships strengthen with age. These findings highlight the importance of maintaining upper-body strength for skeletal health, particularly in female participants, to mitigate osteoporosis risk.

Source: Journal of Applied Physiology

DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00544.2025