Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: Wireless body area networks (WBANs) are a pivotal solution for continuous health monitoring, but their energy constraints pose a significant challenge for long-term operation. This paper provides a comprehensive review of state-of-the-art energy-efficient mechanisms, critically evaluating solutions across various network layers. We focus on three key approaches: energy-aware MAC protocols that reduce idle listening and optimize duty cycling; energy-efficient routing protocols that enhance data transmission and network longevity; and emerging energy harvesting techniques that offer a path toward energy-autonomous WBANs. Furthermore, the paper provides a detailed analysis of the inherent trade-offs between energy efficiency and other critical performance metrics, such as latency, reliability, and security. It also explores the transformative potential of emerging technologies, such as AI and blockchain, for dynamic energy management and secure data handling. By synthesizing these findings, this work contributes to the development of sustainable WBAN solutions and outlines clear directions for future research.
Source: IoT
DOI: 10.3390/iot6030049
Institution: Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University
Language: English
Topic: Wireless Body Area Networks
Subfield: Biomedical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $1,448
OpenAlex ID: W4413827559