Super-critical primordial black hole formation via delayed first-order electroweak phase transition
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: The delay of the first-order electroweak phase transitions (EWPT) may lead to the emergence of baby universes inside wormhole structures due to the large vacuum energy density in false vacuum domains. Observers outside the false vacuum domains observe them as primordial black holes (PBHs), categorized as super-critical PBHs. We specifically investigate the dynamics of PBH formation due to delayed first-order EWPTs by solving the equations of bubble wall dynamics. We numerically confirm that such super-critical PBHs can be formed by the delayed first-order EWPT assuming spherically symmetric false vacuum domains with the thin-wall approximation for its boundary. Our numerical results show that a PBH formation criterion utilizing characteristic timescales is more appropriate than the conventional criterion based on density fluctuations. Employing our numerical results, we update the parameter regions of new physics models which can be explored by current and future constraints on the PBH abundance.
Language: English
Subfield: Astronomy and Astrophysics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: green
Awards: G1574821657, G3358600294, Probing the new physics effects via precision exploration of the Higgs potential, Toward the new age for exploring the structure of electroweak vacuum: from Higgs physics to New physics beyond the standard model, Primordial Black Holes as a probe of Electroweak Phase Transition and New Physics, G4876183651, G5480361216, G828881156, Numerical relativity studies on primordial black hole formation in different mechanisms
OpenAlex ID: W4413883098