Extra-virgin olive oil and additional cardiovascular outcomes in the PREDIMED Trial: An outcome-wide perspective
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: ABSTRACT Background Olive oil, increasingly consumed in the U.S., has been inversely associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. However, previous studies did not assess a broad spectrum of CVD outcomes, incorporated repeated annual dietary assessments, or distinguished between polyphenol-rich EVOO and common olive oil (COO), which lacks these compounds. Methods We assessed 7102 high-risk participants from the PREDIMED trial (57.5% women; aged 55-80 years), all free of CVD at baseline. Olive oil consumption was assessed annually, and cumulative average intakes of EVOO and COO were calculated. The primary outcome was a composite of myocardial infarction, stroke, peripheral arterial disease, heart failure, atrial fibrillation, or cardiovascular death, whichever occurred first. Individual outcomes were also evaluated. Time-dependent Cox models were adjusted for major confounders, including trial intervention arm. Results Over a median follow-up of 4.7 years, 621 participants experienced at least one CVD event. Participants in the highest tertile of cumulative EVOO intake (mean: 49.2 g/d) had a 25% lower risk of the composite outcome (HR: 0.75; 95% CI: 0.60-0.94), with significant reductions in several individual CVD outcomes. In the decile analysis, the highest (mean: 60.9 g/d) versus lowest decile had a 48% lower risk (HR: 0.52; 95% CI: 0.35 to 0.79). COO consumption was not significantly associated with CVD risk when mutually adjusted for EVOO (HR per 10 g/d : 0.93; 95% CI: 0.87-1.00). Conclusions High consumption of EVOO is associated with a substantial reduction in the risk of an outcome-wide composite of CVD events among high-risk individuals. In contrast, COO, which lacks polyphenols, showed weaker associations, highlighting the importance of differentiating olive oil types in CVD prevention strategies. Trial Registration This trial was registered in the ISRCTN registry (ISRCTN 35739639): https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN35739639 .
Source: American Heart Journal
Authors: Javier Pérez de Rojas, Estefania Toledo, Ramón Estruch, Marta Guasch-Ferré, Jordi Salas-Salvadó, Enrique Gómez-Gracia, Emilio Ros, Montse Fitó, Fernando Arós, Miquel Fiol, José Lapetra, Lluis Serra-Majem, Xavier Pintó, José V. Sorlí, Nancy Babio, Olga Castañer, Ángel M. Alonso-Gómez, Miguel Ángel Martínez-González, José Juan Jiménez-Moleón
Institutions: Universidad de Granada, Universidad de Navarra, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Navarre Institute of Health Research, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Consorci Institut D'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi I Sunyer, Universitat de Barcelona, University of Copenhagen, Harvard University, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica Catalunya Sud, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga, Universidad de Málaga, Hospital Del Mar, Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Bellvitge University Hospital, Institut d'Investigació Biomédica de Bellvitge, Universitat de València, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, Municipal Institute for Medical Research, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, University of the Basque Country, Hospital Universitario Araba, Osakidetza, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada
Language: English
Topic: Nutritional Studies and Diet
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
Estimated APC paid: $4,070
Funders: Fundació la Marató de TV3, California Walnut Commission, Fundación Patrimonio Comunal Olivarero, Generalitat de Catalunya, Fundación Mapfre, Generalitat Valenciana, Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Universidad de Granada, Agencia Canaria de Investigación, Innovación y Sociedad de la Información, Consejería de Salud y Familias, Junta de Andalucía, Junta de Andalucía, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Gobierno de Navarra, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, European Regional Development Fund
Awards: G1176064938, G1240442146, G1279912698, G1372021016, G1392745865, G1442347428, G1446881193, G1469509158, G1526370294, G1553903662, G1559608605, G1607730991, PREDIMED-PLUS: efecto de una dieta mediterránea hipocalórica y promoción de la actividad física en prevención primaria cardiovascular. Estudio piloto sobre marcadores intermedios, G1644185098, G1689324899, G1881394406, G1897042321, G1916957000, G1940426220, G1962757302, G1963012182, G1982901712, G215257984, G2174794381, G2297909926, G230627904, G2347061402, G2380294443, G2389799761, G2467012932, G247774864, G2580699549, G2613023993, G2619058490, G2645070709, G2647692628, G2684494655, G2687621885, G2703367647, G2752920621, G2784830948, G2829840012, G2860824219, G2971060662, G3011546996, G3057871547, G3059837661, G316735455, G3197366600, G3205439833, G3225721537, G3232365121, G3434072752, G346601977, G3467438869, G3710901019, G3724967008, G3742009404, G3848398977, G3929556417, G3943872819, G399063081, G4009389215, G4043953188, G4144917788, G4159188393, G4162932109, G4176854398, G418829295, G4277448938, G4282990219, G4418385139, G4437166959, G4487147551, G4489531123, G4492879524, G4494103574, G4508165138, G4534392007, G4587032617, G4654025265, G4662533551, G4753930939, G4786509053, G4805370709, G4949291147, G5015966996, G5199684365, G5328429606, G544636624, G5478894424, G5542193060, G5589077169, G5660259259, G5660332848, G5704818146, G5785675274, G5919349966, G6000318709, G6047342578, G6109029077, G6142145368, G6191476278, G621382373, G6259981162, G6486018093, G6543514718, G6591504236, G6684950678, G669311712, G6695954693, G6833701967, G6844296917, G6965730286, G7028759952, G7037748878, G7140016538, G7170130439, G7283614615, G7298344767, G7427883014, G7497157487, G7508138973, G7510606603, G7657512343, G7764673767, G7785651465, G8079831145, G809045180, G809854847, G8193019767, G8251716732, G8289360861, G8303292469, G831563074, G8374876208, G8426496700, G8470484741, G8596674465, G8672344029, G867847296, G8699502255, G8764599705, G897709570, G936607085, G993951910
OpenAlex ID: W4413914087