Combined Natural Coagulant Powder Peels Apricot and Chemical Coagulants MgCL3 for Dairy Wastewater Treatment
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: The study revealed that the application of natural and chemical coagulants in dairy wastewater treatment significantly enhances pollutant removal efficiency. In terms of turbidity, the natural coagulant at a concentration of 45 mg/L achieved a removal efficiency of 61.67%, while the chemical coagulant at the same concentration reached 85%. When combined at a concentration of 15+45 mg/l, the efficacy of removal was enhanced to 95.8%. Similarly, for total dissolved solids (TDS), the natural and chemical coagulants at 45 mg/L exhibited removal efficiencies of 75.91% and 85%, respectively, which improved to 95% when combined. Regarding total suspended solids (TSS), the natural coagulant removed 68%, and the chemical coagulant removed 88% at 45 mg/L, with a combined application yielding a 94% removal rate. For chemical oxygen demand (COD), the removal efficiencies were 68.80% and 83.20% for the natural and chemical coagulants, respectively, whereas their combination at 45+15 mg/L enhanced the removal to 96%. Likewise, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) removal was 71.05% with the natural coagulant and 86.84% with the chemical coagulant, while their combination resulted in a removal efficiency of 94.7%. These findings demonstrate the substantial improvement in dairy wastewater treatment performance through the synergistic use of natural and chemical coagulants
Authors: Raheem Khalaf Azeez, Ali Jwied Jaeel, Mohd Badruddin bin Mohd Yusof
Institutions: University of Wasit, University of Technology Malaysia
Language: English
Subfield: Water Science and Technology
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W4413922446