Year: 2025
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: Soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) is a biomarker for T cell activity. T cells are involved in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) pathogenesis. However, sIL-2R has so far not been evaluated in these conditions. Here, we compared sIL-2R levels in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with aquaporin-4-IgG-seropositive and seronegative (AQP4-IgG+/-) NMOSD, MOGAD, and noninflammatory neurologic disorders (NINDs), and assessed the prognostic value of sIL-2R for future attacks. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of real-world data of patients treated at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin was conducted (45 MOGAD, 14 AQP4-IgG+NMOSD, 10 AQP4-IgG-NMOSD, 69 NINDs) between 2010 and 2024. Mean (SD) follow-up time was 40 (35) months. sIL-2R differences were assessed by linear mixed models. Cox regression analysis was performed to investigate the predictive value for subsequent attacks. RESULTS: Serum sIL-2R was higher in AQP4-IgG+NMOSD (estimated marginal mean [EMM] 802 IU/mL) and MOGAD (569 IU/mL) compared to NINDs (404 IU/mL). In patients with a first manifestation of MOGAD, but not NMOSD, serum sIL-2R (HR = 9.07 [95% CI 1.37-60.01]) and CSF sIL-2R (HR = 3.27 [95% CI 0.61-17.45]) levels were predictive for subsequent attacks. INTERPRETATION: Serum sIL-2R is elevated in AQP4-IgG+NMOSD and MOGAD and may be a prognostic biomarker for a relapsing disease course in MOGAD.
DOI: 10.1002/acn3.70186
Authors: Philipp Klyscz, Carolin Otto, Klemens Ruprecht, Susanna Asseyer, Hannes Ole Tiedt, Christian Meisel, Judith Bellmann‐Strobl, Friedemann Paul, Patrick Schindler
Language: English
Subfield: Pathology and Forensic Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $4,100
OpenAlex ID: W4414018256