Independent humidity engineering of MAPbI3 absorbers and hole transport layers for enhanced performance in perovskite solar cells
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: This study systematically explores the influence of relative humidity (RH) on the fabrication and performance of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) by independently controlling humidity conditions during the deposition of the MAPbI3 absorber and the Spiro-OMeTAD hole transport layer (HTL). Moderate humidity levels, particularly around 60% RH, significantly enhance device efficiency by simultaneously improving the crystallinity of the perovskite layer and the electrical conductivity of the HTL. Structural and optoelectronic characterizations indicate that residual PbI2 formed under moderate humidity conditions effectively passivates shallow trap states at the MAPbI3 interface, suppressing non-radiative recombination and facilitating more efficient charge extraction. Moreover, selectively tuning the humidity for each functional layer reveals that humidity-controlled HTL fabrication independently contributes to overall device performance, highlighting the critical role of layer-specific environmental control. In contrast to previous studies that applied uniform humidity conditions across all layers, this work distinguishes the individual effects of humidity modulation during each fabrication step. These findings offer valuable insights for developing scalable, humidity-resilient fabrication strategies aimed at achieving high-efficiency and stable PSCs.
Source: Applied Surface Science Advances
Language: English
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $2,350
Awards: G1127197784, G3293964808, G8117283771
OpenAlex ID: W4414044022