Trends in baseline blood lipid levels in randomized placebo-controlled trials of overweight or obesity from 1990 to 2024
Year: 2025
Type: article
Study designs: Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis
Abstract: BACKGROUND The global rise in overweight and obesity has reached alarming levels, substantially increasing the risk of metabolic disorders such as dyslipidemia. We outlined the evolving trends in baseline blood lipid levels among patients experiencing overweight or obesity, as observed in placebo-controlled randomized trials, to address the unmet clinical requirements. AIM To assess long-term trends in lipid profiles in overweight or obese populations and their association with clinical and treatment factors. METHODS EMBASE, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases were searched up to October 9, 2024. Randomized placebo-controlled trials of participants with overweight or obesity, with reports of baseline lipid levels, were included. The main outcome was a correlation between pooled baseline levels of triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) with study year. Subgroup analysis was conducted based on characteristics of the populations and intervention types. RESULTS A comprehensive meta-analysis encompassing 866 studies across nearly 60 countries and regions worldwide, involving 3300 participants, revealed significant temporal trends in baseline lipid profiles. The analysis revealed a significant decline in TG (Rs = -0.704, P < 0.001, I 2 = 98.6%), TC (Rs = -0.884, P < 0.001, I 2 = 99.6%), and LDL-C (Rs = -0.808, P < 0.001, I 2 = 96.8%) levels. In contrast, HDL-C (Rs = 0.336, P = 0.041, I 2 = 99.2%) levels exhibited a progressive increase over the study period. Subgroup analyses revealed that sex, body mass index, blood pressure, diabetes status, and type of intervention influenced the observed trends, especially with patients receiving pharmacological therapies demonstrating more pronounced improvements (TG: Rs = -0.449, P adj = 0.011; I 2 = 98.9%; TC: Rs = -0.650, P adj = 0.001; I 2 = 99.4%; HDL-C: Rs = 0.650, P adj = 0.002; I 2 = 98.6%; LDL-C: Rs = -0.417, P adj = 0.031; I ² = 98.0%). CONCLUSION Despite rising obesity rates, lipid control has improved over three decades among individuals with overweight or obesity, reflecting the positive impact of public health efforts and effective dyslipidemia treatment strategies.
Source: World Journal of Diabetes
Authors: Ya-Qi Wang, Quan-Zhou Xiao, Zhen-Ming Zhang, Yan Yang
Institution: Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University
Language: English
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
Funders: U.S. Department of Defense, American Diabetes Association, Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, American Heart Association, Amgen, Eli Lilly and Company, AstraZeneca, Sanofi, World Health Organization, Alberta Health Services, Korean Diabetes Association, Danone, Johns Hopkins University, Hospital Research Foundation, International Headache Society, Wellcome Trust, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Government of Alberta, Amarin Corporation, Chinese Nutrition Society, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Government of Canada, University of Alberta, National Institute for Health and Care Research, Department of Health and Social Care, Cardiff University, National Research Foundation, Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, King Saud University, Ministry of Education, Fondazione Cariplo, Generalitat de Catalunya, Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek, National Research Foundation of Korea, Novo Nordisk, Ministarstvo Prosvete, Nauke i Tehnološkog Razvoja, Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior, Universidade do Porto, Vlaamse regering, Swedish Orphan Biovitrum, National Office for Philosophy and Social Sciences, H. Lundbeck A/S, Rede de Química e Tecnologia, Laboratório Associado para a Química Verde, Lilly Deutschland, National Science and Technology Council, Tour de Cure, National Institutes of Health, Allergan, Novartis Pharma, Sanofi Genzyme, Novo Nordisk Pharma, Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Medical Research Council, National Health and Medical Research Council, Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Agència de Gestió d'Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca, DSM Nutritional Products, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology, Daiichi Sankyo Europe, Cilag
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OpenAlex ID: W4414092755