Role of Computed Tomography in Craniocerebral Trauma
Year: 2025
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains a signicant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, especially in low- and middle-income countries. With the rise in road trafc accidents (RTAs), TBI incidence is increasing, affecting predominantly young and middle-aged individuals. Early diagnosis using clinical and radiological tools is essential for effective management and outcome prediction. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical presentations, CT imaging ndings, and Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores in TBI patients, and to assess their prognostic value, particularly the impact of midline shift on outcomes. Materials And Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted at the Department of Radiodiagnosis, Sri Aurobindo Medical College & PG Institute, Indore, over 18 months. Two hundred patients with head trauma who underwent CT imaging were included. Data regarding demographics, clinical features, GCS scores, and CT ndings were analyzed. Associations between midline shift, GCS, and outcomes were assessed using statistical tests. Results: Most patients were males (80%) aged 31–50 years. RTAs were the most common cause (59.5%). Frequent CT abnormalities included skull fractures (42%), cerebral edema (38%), and epidural hemorrhage (35%). A strong negative correlation was observed between GCS scores and midline shift (r = –0.800; p < 0.001). Severe midline shift (>5 mm), low GCS, and diffuse axonal injury were signicantly associated with poor outcomes and higher mortality. Conclusion: GCS scores and CT-based parameters, especially midline shift and diffuse axonal injury, are critical prognostic indicators in TBI. Early clinical and radiological assessment can optimize management and improve patient outcomes.
Authors: Ajay Kumar Gupta, Om Sharma, Sakshi Sakshi
Institution: Sri Aurobindo Institute of Medical Sciences
Language: English
Subfield: Neurology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W4414209632
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