Work

Research on Carbon Dioxide Pipeline Leakage Localization Based on Gaussian Plume Model

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: Carbon dioxide (CO2) is a non-toxic asphyxiant gas that, once released, can pose severe risks, including suffocation, poisoning, frostbite, and even death. As a critical component of carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) technology, CO2 pipeline transportation requires reliable leakage detection and precise localization to safeguard the environment, ensure pipeline operational safety, and support emergency response strategies. This study proposes an inversion model that integrates wireless sensor networks (WSNs) with the Gaussian plume model for CO2 pipeline leakage monitoring. The WSN is employed to collect real-time CO2 concentration data and environmental parameters around the pipeline, while the Gaussian plume model is used to simulate and invert the dispersion process, enabling both leak source localization and emission rate estimation. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed model achieves a source localization error of 12.5% and an emission rate error of 3.5%. Field experiments further confirm the model’s applicability, with predicted concentrations closely matching the measurements, yielding an error range of 3.5–14.7%. These findings indicate that the model satisfies engineering accuracy requirements and provides a technical foundation for emergency response following CO2 pipeline leakage.

Source: Processes

DOI: 10.3390/pr13092994

Authors: Xinze Li, Fengming Li, Jiajia Chen, Zixu Wang, Dezhong Wang, Yanqi Ran

Institution: China University of Petroleum, Beijing

Language: English

Topic: Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics

Subfield: Global and Planetary Change

Field: Environmental Science

Domain: Physical Sciences

SDGs: Climate action, Industry, innovation and infrastructure

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $2,896