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Lessons learnt from the integration of open data and semantic 3D city models for urban building energy modelling in the Netherlands

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: . This paper presents the lessons learnt from the integration of open datasets in the Netherlands for the creation of a country-wide enriched semantic 3D city model for urban building energy modelling. Although the Netherlands provides open access to building data up to the dwelling level, several challenges still remain related to data fragmentation, inconsistency, and incompleteness. The resulting dataset uses the CityGML with the Energy ADE data model since they offer a robust framework for integrating geospatial and non-geospatial data for energy applications. Our research highlights the need for significant preprocessing, harmonisation pipelines, and enrichment strategies to address gaps in data completeness and reliability. Finally, we identify critical missing data (e.g., renovation history, thermal zoning, and detailed HVAC specifications) and propose directions for improvement.

Source: ISPRS annals of the photogrammetry, remote sensing and spatial information sciences

DOI: 10.5194/isprs-annals-x-4-w7-2025-89-2025

Authors: Camilo León-Sánchez, Giorgio Agugiaro, Jantien Stoter

Institution: Delft University of Technology

Language: English

Topic: 3D Modeling in Geospatial Applications

Subfield: Building and Construction

Field: Engineering

Domain: Physical Sciences

SDGs: Sustainable cities and communities, Affordable and clean energy, Industry, innovation and infrastructure, Climate action

Open Access status: diamond

OpenAlex ID: W4414353427

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