Work

Pathogenesis of Acute Diabetic Charcot Arthropathy in the Foot and Ankle: a Comprehensive Literature Review

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: Acute Diabetic Charcot Arthropathy (ADCA) is a severe complication of diabetes mellitus in patients with peripheral neuropathy, often misdiagnosed due to its similarity to cellulitis or deep vein thrombosis. This review examines ADCA's pathophysiology, emphasizing early diagnosis to prevent progression. We explore the roles of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6) in bone loss and joint degeneration, and investigate potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in Wnt and IL-17 signaling pathways. The impact of metabolic imbalances and comorbidities on ADCA development is also discussed. Our analysis reveals ADCA's complex, multifactorial nature, involving neuropathy, inflammatory responses, and metabolic dysregulation. A comprehensive management approach aimed at achieving a stable, ulcer-free foot is essential to improve patient mobility and quality of life. We conclude that early intervention is crucial, focusing on reducing stress on affected regions in inflammatory stages. This is achieved by highlighting and implementing the advances in clinical practice, integration of recent research, education of patients on the importance of early intervention alongside developing improvements to current treatments.

Source: Orthopedic Reviews

DOI: 10.52965/001c.144007

Authors: Osama Embaby, Afdhal Bin Asmadi, Aiman Binte Asmadi, Ahmed Haroun, Mahmoud Mersal, Mohamed Elalfy

Institutions: Sandwell & West Birmingham Hospitals NHS Trust, Mansoura University, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Mansoura University Hospital

Language: English

Topic: Diabetic Foot Ulcer Assessment and Management

Subfield: Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism

Field: Medicine

Domain: Health Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $1,200