Application of a Multi-Frequency Electromagnetic Method for Boundary Detection of Isolated Permafrost
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: Isolated permafrost is widely distributed in freeze-thaw transition zones, characterized by blurred boundaries and strong spatial variability. Traditional methods such as drilling and electrical resistivity surveys are often limited in achieving efficient and continuous boundary identification. This study focuses on a typical isolated permafrost region in Northeast China and proposes a boundary detection strategy based on multi-frequency electromagnetic (EM) measurements using the GEM-2 sensor. By designing multiple frequency combinations and applying joint inversion, a boundary identification framework was developed and validated against borehole data. Results show that the multi-frequency joint inversion method improves the spatial identification accuracy of permafrost boundaries compared to traditional point-based techniques. In areas lacking boreholes, the method still demonstrates coherent boundary imaging and strong adaptability to geomorphological conditions. The multi-frequency joint inversion strategy significantly enhances imaging continuity and effectively captures electrical variations in complex freeze-thaw transition zones. Overall, this study establishes a complete non-invasive technical workflow-"acquisition-inversion-validation-imaging"-providing an efficient and scalable tool for engineering site selection, foundation design, and permafrost degradation monitoring. It also offers a methodological paradigm for electromagnetic frequency optimization and subsurface electrical boundary modeling.
Source: Sensors
DOI: 10.3390/s25185907
Authors: Yi Wu, Changlei Dai, Yunhu Shang, Lei Yang, Kai Gao, Wenzhao Xu
Language: English
Subfield: Geophysics
Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $3,137
Awards: G1349293005, G3275912287
OpenAlex ID: W4414385481