Incidence and Predictors of Ocular Complications in Pediatric-Onset Uveitis: Data from the AIDA Network Uveitis Registry
Year: 2025
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: INTRODUCTION: This study aims to describe complications of pediatric-onset uveitis and their predictors among baseline and treatment-related factors. METHODS: This registry-based observational study included patients with noninfectious uveitis with disease onset < 18 years. RESULTS: A total of 309 patients were enrolled (535 eyes). Uveitis was anterior in 290 eyes (54.2%), panuveitis in 121 (22.6%), intermediate in 88 (16.4%), and posterior in 24 (4.5%). Over a median follow-up of 49.0 months (interquartile range [IQR] 101.0), 137 children (44.3%) developed ≥ 1 complication (14.4 per 100 patient-years). Idiopathic uveitis (p < 0.001), longer topical glucocorticoid (GC) monotherapy (p < 0.001) and longer delay of immunosuppressive therapy (IST) (p = 0.03) were associated with a higher frequency of complications. In multivariate analysis, anterior uveitis was protective against complications (odds ratio [OR] 0.10, 95% confidence interval [CI] - 4.1 to - 1.6, p < 0.001), whereas a chronic course of uveitis significantly increased the risk (OR 6.13, 95% CI 1.0-2.6, p < 0.001). Older age at onset was protective against cataract (OR 0.91, 95% CI - 0.2 to - 0.02, p = 0.020) and band keratopathy (OR 0.8, 95% CI - 0.4 to - 0.1, p = 0.003). Final best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) (Snellen decimals) was inversely correlated with the duration of topical GC monotherapy (ρ = - 0.23; p = 0.001). In multivariate analysis, panuveitis was linked to a 0.142 decimal reduction (95% CI - 0.219 to - 0.066, p < 0.001), and cataract to a 0.295 reduction (95% CI - 0.372 to - 0.217, p < 0.001) in the final BCVA. CONCLUSIONS: Children with chronic, idiopathic, early-onset, and non-anterior uveitis are at greatest risk for complications. Structured screening for these children, along with early initiation of systemic IST, is essential to prevent visual impairment.
Source: Ophthalmology and Therapy
Authors: Carla Gaggiano, Alejandra De-la-Torre, Juanita Cardona-López, Silvana Guerriero, Gaafar Ragab, Maria Pia Paroli, Luciana Breda, Emanuela Del Giudice, Maria Tarsia, Jurgen Sota, Adele Civino, Marco Cattalini, Antonio Vitale, Stefano Gentileschi, Angela Mauro, Sulaiman Al-Mayouf, Soad Hashad, Alex Fonollosa, Shereen Hassan Aboul Naga, Rana Hussein Amin, Lampros Fotis, Maria Francesca Gicchino, Valeria Caggiano, Rosanna Dammacco, Maria Cristina Maggio, Daniela Rodríguez-Camelo, Maria Sole Chimenti, Juliana Lopez-Bonilla, Ezgi Deniz Batu, Seza Ozen, Francesca Minoia, Abdurrahman Tufan, Mohamed Tharwat Hegazy, Kalpana Babu, Jessica Sbalchiero, Abdelhafeez Moshrif, Patrizia Barone, Perla Ayumi Kawakami-Campos, Alessandro Conforti, Marcello Govoni, Giovanni Conti, Maissa Thabet, Francesco La Torre, Ester Carreño, Vishali Gupta, Bruno Frediani, Luca Cantarini, Claudia Fabiani, on behalf the AIDA Network
Institutions: University of Siena, Universidad del Rosario, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Cairo University, New Giza University, Sapienza University of Rome, Ospedale SS. Annunziata, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Ospedale Vito Fazzi, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale degli Spedali Civili di Brescia, University of Brescia, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, Alfaisal University, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, University of Tripoli, University of the Basque Country, BioCruces Health research Institute, Hospital de Cruces, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, University General Hospital Attikon, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", University of Palermo, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Hacettepe University, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Gazi Hastanesi, Gazi University, Al-Azhar University, University of Catania, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, ASL Roma, University of Ferrara, Arcispedale Sant'Anna, University of Messina, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico "G. Martino", Hôpital Farhat Hached, University of Sousse, Ospedale Pediatrico Giovanni XXIII, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research
Language: English
Subfield: Ophthalmology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $7,400
OpenAlex ID: W4414413004