Cerium(IV) phosphonates as solid Acid catalysts in esterification and transesterification reactions: Structural characterization and catalytic evaluation
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: Cerium(IV) phosphonates hybrid materials have been synthesized by sol-gel method and characterized for structural composition and surface morphology. The characterization techniques have revealed the presence of exchangeable protons in the structural hydroxyl (–OH) groups, which give the prepared cerium phosphonates protonating ability. In addition, catalyst characterization further supports the presence of Brønsted acidity. Therefore, it was aim to explore the catalytic behavior of these materials and compared by studying esterification as a model reaction in which some mono- and di-esters have been synthesized optimizing several parameters such as reaction time, catalyst amount and mole ratio of reagents. Interestingly, these materials have also been used as solid acid catalysts in transesterification reactions with phenol, demonstrating good catalytic efficiency. The detailed mechanism of solid acid-catalyzed esterification and transesterification has been elucidated with the aid of DRIFTS analysis.
Language: English
Subfield: Organic Chemistry
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
Estimated APC paid: $3,550
OpenAlex ID: W4414413300