Application of ultrasound-microwave-assisted extraction to extract phenolic and terpenoid compounds from celery stalk
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: This research aimed to optimize the extraction of terpenoid and phenolic compounds from Apium graveolens L. stalks using response surface methodology. Utilizing the ultrasound-microwave-assisted extraction method, a combination of 1,2-propanediol and choline chloride (2:1 M ratio) was the most effective system. Initial single-factor experiments investigated the influence of seven independent variables on extraction efficiency (the solvent's water content, solid-liquid ratio, ultrasound temperature, ultrasound time, ultrasound power, microwave time, and intensity). The Box-Behnken Design model was used to establish the optimized conditions: 30 % (w/w) water content, a solid-liquid ratio of 1/35.33 g/mL, 5 min ultrasound time, 20 °C ultrasound temperature, 600W ultrasound power, 4.73 min microwave time, and 123 W/mL microwave intensity. Under these optimized parameters, the total phenolic content of the extracts reached 30.3 ± 0.3 mg GAE/g. The ultrasound-microwave-assisted extraction process for recovering phenolics and terpenoids relies on diffusion and a combination of diffusion and solubilization, respectively. The research suggests an effective and environmentally sustainable approach for enhancing phytochemicals' recovery from Apium graveolens L. • 1,2-Propanediol and Choline Chloride (2:1 M ratio) were the chosen DES. • SLR, USTe, MWI, MWTi were chosen for optimizing TPC. • USTe, USTi, MWI were chosen for optimizing for TTC. • Phenolic extraction suggests a diffusion mechanism. • Terpenoid extraction suggests a diffusion-solubilization mechanism.
Authors: Tan Phat Vo, Hoang Nhan Nguyen, Gia Bao Pham, Nguyen Anh Thu La, Xuan Duc Anh Pham, Dinh Quan Nguyen
Language: English
Subfield: Biochemistry
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $2,530
OpenAlex ID: W4414419190