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Characterisation of backscattering effects in CALET due to hadronic showers generated in the calorimeter

Year: 2025
Type: conference-paper
Abstract: The Calorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET) on board the International Space Station (ISS) is a space-based instrument consisting of a CHarge Detector (CHD) made of plastic scintillators, a thin (3 radiation lengths, X0) tungsten-scintillating fibre IMaging Calorimeter (IMC) for accurate particle tracking and identification, and a thick (27 X0, 1.3 nuclear interaction length) Total AbSorption Calorimeter (TASC) consisting of PWO crystal logs. Hadronic showers generated by cosmic-ray (CR) nuclei interacting in the TASC produce a large number of secondary particles that propagate backwards to the IMC and CHD. These backscattered particles are particularly dangerous because the resulting high multiplicity of hits in the detectors can lead to systematic errors in both the charge measurement and the reconstruction of the arrival direction of the primary CR. In this paper, we present a characterisation of the backscattering effect by comparing flight data collected during 10 years of CALET operation with simulations. By exploiting the fine granularity of the IMC, it is possible to study the multiplicity of hits, the deposited energy distributions and the lateral profiles of backscattered particles as a function of the energy deposited in the TASC by different nuclear species. This information can be used to refine Monte Carlo simulations to correctly reproduce the backscatter effect, and to improve the design of detectors for the next generation of CR space missions in order to reduce the impact of backscatter on their performance.
DOI: 10.22323/1.501.0039
Language: English
Open Access status: hybrid
Funders: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, University of Chicago, Nihon University, Louisiana State University, University of Denver, Università degli Studi di Siena, Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Università degli Studi di Padova, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Waseda University, Università degli Studi di Firenze, University of Tokyo, Aoyama Gakuin University, Ritsumeikan University, Hirosaki University, Kanagawa University, National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Università di Pisa, Iran Telecommunication Research Center, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Goddard Space Flight Center, College of Science and Engineering, University of Minnesota, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, Institute of Space and Astronautical Science
Awards: G1220896492, G1386725143, ABSTRACT THE CALET (CALORIMETRIC ELECTRON TELESCOPE) MISSION TO THE ISS HAS BEEN UNDER DEVELOPMENT FOR THE PAST DECADE AS A JAPANESE LED INTERNATIONA, G2000598668, G2131571848, G2319172811, THIS IS A CO-I PROPOSAL THAT SHOULD BE CROSS-REFERENCED TO THE LOUISIANA STATE UNIVERSITY PROPOSAL TITLED "CALET: FLIGHT OPERATIONS AND DATA ANALYSIS, G3056662531, G4270588743, Long-term observations to study the origins of Galactic Cosmic Rays and search for Dark Matter with CALET, G5692548517, G6003493752, Establishing a new concept in cosmic ray physics from the Earth and Heliosphere to the Milky Way through long-term CALET observations, Research on the Acceleration and Propagation of Cosmic Rays by High-precision Direct Observation, 腐食疲れに対する設計基準の確立に関する研究, 粉体, 粒体等の水分の精密測定装置の研究, G8154076309, Search for nearby sources and dark matter signatures by precise measurement of cosmic-ray electrons in the TeV region
OpenAlex ID: W4414419285
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