Thermodynamically Consistent Noise Modeling in Non-Linear Circuits
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: Traditional attempts to extend the Nyquist–Johnson formula for thermal fluctuations to non-linear dissipative elements have led to thermodynamically inconsistent models. In this work, we present a Langevin model for thermal noise in non-linear dissipative elements, that is fully consistent with the main requirements of thermodynamics. The model accurately predicts the Gibbs (Maxwell–Boltzmann) distribution at thermal equilibrium and ensures zero expected voltages and currents, thereby resolving the well-known Brillouin’s paradox and confirming compliance with the second law of thermodynamics.
Source: Fluctuation and Noise Letters
Institutions: Politecnico di Torino, UCLouvain, Memcomputing (United States)
Language: English
Subfield: Statistical and Nonlinear Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W4414424169