Work

Effects of Apple Vinegar, Mouthwashes, and Bleaching on Color Stability and Surface Properties of Fiber-Reinforced and Non-Reinforced Restorative Materials

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of apple cider vinegar (ACV), vari-ous mouthwashes and bleaching on the color and surface roughness of fiber rib-bon-reinforced and unreinforced restorative materials. The materials were resin com-posite (RC), resin-nanoceramic (RNC), and polymer-infiltrated ceramic network (PICN); the mouthwashes were chlorhexidine with alcohol (CXA), chlorhexidine without alcohol (CX), herbal with alcohol (HRA), and herbal without alcohol (HR). Measurements were taken at T0 (baseline), T1 (1 day), T2 (2.5 days) and T3 (after bleaching). ANOVA and Bonferroni analyses revealed that roughness from T0–T3 was highest for RNC and lowest for PICN. Regarding the solutions, the highest increase was in ACV and lowest in artificial saliva (p < 0.001). At T0–T2, ΔE00 and ΔWID were highest in CXA and lowest in HR. At T2–T3, ΔE00 was highest in ACV, while ΔWID was highest in CXA (p < 0.001). Although the roughness exceeded the bacterial adhesion threshold, the effect of bleaching was not considerable. Color and whiteness changes generally did not exceed the acceptability threshold. Fiber ribbon position did not af-fect roughness. However, a ribbon in middle layer had higher impact on color and whiteness than one in the top layer.

Source: Polymers

DOI: 10.3390/polym17182552

Authors: Kerem Yılmaz, Tuğçe Odabaş Hajiyev, Gökçe Özcan Altınsoy, Mehmet Mustafa Özarslan

Institutions: Antalya Bilim Üniversitesi, Antalya Bilim University

Language: English

Topic: Dental materials and restorations

Subfield: Orthodontics

Field: Dentistry

Domain: Health Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $3,258