Work

Association of triglyceride glucose body mass index with osteoporosis risks in a large Chinese adult cohort

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: Background Insulin resistance (IR) is implicated in bone metabolism dysregulation, but the role of Triglyceride Glucose Body Mass Index (TyG-BMI), a surrogate marker integrating lipid-glucose metabolism and adiposity, in osteoporosis risk remains underexplored. Methods We analyzed 23,930 participants categorized into TyG-BMI quartiles (Q1–Q4). Baseline characteristics, biochemical profiles, and medication use were compared. Osteoporosis incidence was tracked over a 4-year median follow-up. Cox models estimated hazard ratios (HRs) for osteoporosis across quartiles of TyG-BMI, adjusted for confounders. Stratified analyses were performed to explore the effect modification by age, sex, renal function, smoking, and medication use. Results Osteoporosis incidence (1,134 cases) rose sharply from Q1 (71 cases) to Q4 (855 cases).Participants in Q4 (highest TyG-BMI) were younger (mean age 56.2 vs. Q1: 63.0 years) with higher BMI (29.7 vs. 20.8 kg/m²), fasting glucose (9.15 vs. 7.02 mmol/L), triglycerides (2.95 vs. 1.06 mmol/L). Osteoporosis incidence rose sharply from Q1 (71 cases) to Q4 (855 cases). In fully-adjusted models, Q4 had a 3.67-fold higher osteoporosis risk vs. Q1 (95% CI: 2.80–4.80; P < 0.001). Stratified analyses revealed stronger associations in participants aged <65 years (HR: 14.6; 95% CI: 10.4–20.6), males (HR: 12.4; 95% CI: 8.79–17.6), smokers (HR: 15.2; 95% CI: 6.77–34.0), and those with preserved renal function (HR: 12.2; 95% CI: 8.99–16.7). Conclusion Elevated TyG-BMI independently predicts incident osteoporosis, with the highest risk in younger males, smokers, and individuals with preserved renal function. TyG-BMI may serve as a practical tool for early osteoporosis risk stratification.

Source: Frontiers in Endocrinology

DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2025.1680775

Authors: Hongshun Liu, Hongyu Tan, Yao Pan

Institutions: Tieling Health Vocational College, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital

Language: English

Topic: Bone health and osteoporosis research

Subfield: Orthopedics and Sports Medicine

Field: Medicine

Domain: Health Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $3,801