Work

The Importance of Follow-Up: Juvenile Xanthogranuloma Mimicking Cephalohematoma

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: Juvenile xanthogranuloma is a type of non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis primarily affecting infants and young children.It is an uncommon disease and is rarely considered in the differential in radiological studies of infants.A case of juvenile xanthogranuloma mimicking a cephalohematoma in an otherwise healthy 3-month-old infant born via vacuum assisted delivery is presented here.At a follow-up appointment, interval growth and internal color Doppler flow with arterial waveform were noted on ultrasound.The differential diagnosis was expanded to include other well-circumscribed hypoechoic scalp lesions.At 8 months of age the lesion was surgically excised, and immunohistochemistry established the definitive diagnosis of juvenile xanthogranuloma.This case emphasizes the importance of following cephalohematomas clinically to resolution in order to exclude an alternate underlying pathology.

Source: Journal of Radiology Case Reports

DOI: 10.3941/jrcr.4829

Authors: Elizabeth Rooks, Megan Buras, Andrea Stephenson, Elianna Goldstein

Institutions: University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa, University of Miami, Republic of Korea Army, Tripler Army Medical Center

Language: English

Topic: Histiocytic Disorders and Treatments

Subfield: Physiology

Field: Medicine

Domain: Health Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: diamond

Funder: U.S. Army Medical Department