Work

Impact of liquid hydrogen in stagnation-point flow of hydromagnetic Williamson nanomaterial configured by a stretched vertical wedge featuring nonlinear chemical reaction

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: Transport of liquid hydrogen is significant in modern propulsion and energy systems because of its cryogenic nature, small molecules and high reactivity. Its transportation performance becomes more intricate when the structured surfaces, chemical reactions and thermal gradients are present. Addressing the liquid hydrogen in nanoliquids is essential for improving thermal and solutal transport in modern liquid hydrogen diffusion-based systems. The present study explores the combined effects of liquid hydrogen diffusion and nonlinear chemical reactions in a non-Newtonian rheological shear-thinning Williamson nanoliquid stagnation-point flow across the stretching permeable wedge surface under the impact of thermal radiation. Transport expressions are modeled by considering nonlinear convection, thermophoresis, nonlinear chemical reaction and Brownian diffusion. The dimensionless governing system of equations with appropriate assumptions are transmuted into ordinary differential equations (ODEs). The numerical bvp4c approach is utilized to obtain the solutions of transformed ODEs with the help of MATLAB symbolic software. The graphical representations are developed to understand the model behavior of Williamson fluid flow relevant to prominent parameters. The liquid velocity distribution declines with an enhancement in Williamson fluid variable whereas it is increased with an enhancement in magnetic field parameter. The nanofluid temperature distribution is enhanced for larger values of heat generation and thermal radiation parameters. Nanoparticle liquid hydrogen concentration is suppressed with higher values of Schmidt number and chemical reaction parameter. Skin friction coefficient is decreased with an increment in Williamson fluid parameter. Heat transmission rate is augmented with an increment in radiation parameter. The current investigation captures the comprehensive analysis of heat-mass transmission relevant to the applications of liquid hydrogen-based cryogenic and energy systems. Furthermore, this study also incorporates theoretical and mathematical modeling with pragmatic diffusion-based heat and mass transportation technologies.

Source: Case Studies in Thermal Engineering

DOI: 10.1016/j.csite.2025.107122