Work

A rare pancreatic retention cyst mimicking neoplastic lesions: A case report

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: Pancreatic cysts are increasingly detected due to the widespread use of high-resolution imaging. These cysts range from benign to malignant and often require careful evaluation to guide management. Differentiating between neoplastic and non-neoplastic cysts remains a diagnostic challenge. Among the non-neoplastic types, pancreatic retention cysts are rare and often under-recognized. We present the case of an asymptomatic woman in her 50s referred to our oncology center for further investigation of a pancreatic cystic lesion initially discovered incidentally. Imaging follow-up revealed a growth of 2.5 mm in one year. MRI, CT, and endoscopic ultrasound findings, combined with fine-needle aspiration cytology, suggested a mucinous neoplasm—most likely an intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN). The patient underwent distal pancreatectomy with splenectomy. Histopathological analysis revealed a pancreatic retention cyst with no evidence of malignancy. Retention cysts, though benign, may mimic the radiological and cytological features of IPMNs, leading to overtreatment. This case highlights the importance of integrating clinical, imaging, and histopathological data to reach an accurate diagnosis. The limitations of cytology in cystic lesions and the potential value of molecular testing should be considered in equivocal cases. This case underscores the diagnostic complexity of pancreatic cystic lesions. It emphasizes the need for cautious interpretation of fine-needle biopsy findings and highlights the potential diagnostic bias introduced by fragmented care. • Pancreatic cysts have a wide differential diagnosis, ranging from benign to malignant entities. • This case report describes a rare retention cyst initially misdiagnosed as an IPMN. • It emphasizes the importance of integrating clinical, radiological, and pathological findings. • Retention cysts, though benign, can mimic malignant lesions and lead to overtreatment. • Proper interpretation of biopsy and imaging findings can prevent unnecessary surgery.

Source: International Journal of Surgery Case Reports

DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2025.111967

Authors: Adriana Ferreira, Filipe Reis Neves, João Correia, Rui C. Oliveira, Rui Miguel Martins

Institutions: Instituto Português de Oncologia de Coimbra Francisco Gentil, University of Coimbra, Centro de Investigação em Meio Ambiente Genética e Oncobiologia

Language: English

Topic: Pancreatic and Hepatic Oncology Research

Subfield: Oncology

Field: Medicine

Domain: Health Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $2,090