Year: 2025
Type: conference-paper
Abstract: Study of solar energetic particles is important to provide the necessary basis to understand the mechanisms of their acceleration and propagation in interplanetary space. It is known that following solar eruptive processes, such as solar flares and/or coronal mass ejections, solar ions can be accelerated to high energies, even in the GeV/n range. In this latter case, the SEP energy is great enough to induce an atmospheric cascade in the Earth’s atmosphere, which secondary particles can be registered by ground-based detectors, such as neutron monitors (NMs). This class of events is known as ground-level enhancements (GLEs). A notable event occurred on May 11, 2024, observed by NMs and particle detectors aboard spacecraft in near-Earth orbit. The event was observed during the deep phase of a significant Forbush decrease and one of the strongest geomagnetic storms, which make the analysis of this event particularly challenging. Here we performed a precise analysis of NM data records and derived the spectral and angular characteristics of the SEPs leading to this GLE. We modeled the particle propagation in the Earth’s magnetosphere and atmosphere. The solar protons spectra and pitch angle distributions were obtained in their dynamical development throughout the event.
DOI: 10.22323/1.501.1335
Institutions: University of Oulu, Nagoya University
Language: English
Subfield: Astronomy and Astrophysics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
OpenAlex ID: W4414486141
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