Intranasal NS1-truncated live attenuated canine influenza vaccine confers superior protection compared to inactivated vaccine in beagles
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: Canine influenza virus (CIV) H3N2 continues to circulate among companion animals, posing a zoonotic risk due to its potential for cross-species transmission. However, currently available inactivated vaccines offer limited mucosal immunity and suboptimal protection. Here, we developed a novel intranasal live attenuated CIV H3N2 vaccine carrying a truncated nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) gene and evaluated its safety, immunogenicity, and protective efficacy in beagle dogs. The NS1-truncated LAIV was well-tolerated and induced robust mucosal and systemic immune responses, including high titers of virus-specific secretory IgA. Following challenge with virulent CIV H3N2 at 120 days post-vaccination, LAIV-immunized dogs exhibited complete clinical protection and minimal viral shedding, whereas dogs receiving the inactivated vaccine showed moderate disease signs. These findings demonstrate that the NS1-truncated LAIV confers superior protection compared to conventional vaccines and represents a promising next-generation platform for canine influenza control within a One Health framework.
Source: Veterinary Research
Authors: Jaehyun Hwang, Sun-Woo Yoon, Eulhae Ga, Jaeseok Choi, Suyun Moon, Eunseo Bae, Hyeongcheol Yun, Dohyeok Yu, Hye Kwon Kim, Jung-Ah Kang, Minjoo Yeom, Jong-Woo Lim, Dae Gwin Jeong, Xing Xie, Daesub Song, Woonsung Na
Institutions: Chonnam National University, Seoul National University, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Gyeongkuk National University, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Chungbuk National University, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Language: English
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $2,390
Award: G2155179586
OpenAlex ID: W4414511587