Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: Unidentified Anomalous Phenomena (UAP) observations have been reported from ancient times to today, but their true nature remains uncertain. In this paper we propose a rating scale designed to separate “signal” from “noise” in assessing UAP sighting reports. Our intention is that this will help professionals and laypeople alike distinguish cases that warrant further investigation from easily explainable false alarms. We categorize UAP sighting reports according to the quality of their evidence, considering such factors as number of observers, amount and quality of supporting evidence, especially physical evidence, and perhaps most importantly, whether UAP witnesses have made some effort to find an ordinary explanation for what they saw or experienced and whether the evidence has been subject to expert analysis.
Source: Universe
Authors: Dirk Schulze-Makuch, Tony Reichhardt
Language: English
Subfield: Social Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $1,930
OpenAlex ID: W4414511834