Late-onset Hemorrhagic Disease of the Newborn—An Unusual Presentation of Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection: A Case Report
Year: 2025
Type: article
Study design: Case Report
Abstract: examination, the infant weighed 4.5 kg and measured 50 cm in length.Vital signs were stable: temperature 99.8°F, heart rate 128 beats per minute, and respiratory rate 28 breaths per minute.Pallor was noted on general examination.Abdominal examination revealed hepatomegaly, with the liver palpable 5 cm below the right costal margin, firm in consistency with rounded borders, and a total span of 10 cm.Splenomegaly was also noted, with the spleen palpable 3 cm IntroductIonHemorrhagic disease of the newborn (HDN) is a leading cause of bleeding in infancy and is associated with considerable morbidity and mortality.1 It frequently contributes to intracranial hemorrhage within the first year of life.Due to naturally low levels of vitamin K at birth, neonates typically have only 20-50% of the coagulation activity seen in adults.This deficiency impairs the liver's ability to produce essential clotting factors-specifically factors II, VII, IX, and X-resulting in a bleeding tendency.Several factors increase the risk of vitamin K deficiency bleeding (VKDB), including the lack of prophylactic vitamin K administration at birth, exclusive breastfeeding (which provides limited vitamin K), persistent diarrhea, and prolonged antibiotic therapy. 2 case descrIptIon A 43-day-old female neonate, born at term with a birth weight of 3.9 kg to a 25-year-old G2P2 mother via vaginal delivery at PBM Hospital, Bikaner, presented with a 2-day history of multiple ecchymotic patches over the body and active bleeding from ruptured areas (Fig. 1).The neonate cried immediately after birth and was breastfed within the first hour of life.The antenatal and perinatal periods were uneventful, and the infant remained asymptomatic throughout the first month of life.There was no history of fever at the time of admission.On physical 1,
Source: Pediatric Infectious Disease
Authors: Preeti Choudhary, Meenakashi Rani
Institution: Sardar Patel Medical College
Language: English
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W4414512834