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Importance of Microbiological and Genetic Testing in Severe Periodontitis: Lessons From a Clinical Case

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: Periodontitis is complex and multifactorial disease. In patient’s sub-gingival dental biofilm provokes a host-mediated inflammatory and immune response, culminating in irreversible destruction of the periodontium, including the alveolar bone and periodontal ligament. Severe periodontitis (SP) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the destruction of periodontal tissues and alveolar bone loss. Several bacterial species have been implicated in their pathogenesis, including Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (Aa), Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), Tannerella forsythensis (Tf), Treponema denticola (Td), and Prevotella intermedia (Pi). These microorganisms, components of the subgingival microbiota, contribute to disease progression through mechanisms such as pro-inflammatory cytokine induction, immune modulation, and direct tissue destruction. Effective management is needed for understanding the disease’s pathogenesis, risk factors and therapeutic protocols. This study presents a clinical case of a severe smoker with SP, highlighting the microbial and genetic factors influencing disease progression and therapeutic considerations.

Source: MEDIS – International Journal of Medical Sciences and Research

DOI: 10.35120/medisij040213s

Authors: Angelina Sredovska Bozhinov, Teodora Nikolovska, Enis Sabanov, Natasa Tnokovska

Institution: International Balkan University

Language: English

Topic: Oral microbiology and periodontitis research

Subfield: Periodontics

Field: Dentistry

Domain: Health Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: diamond

OpenAlex ID: W4414517706

FWCI:

Cites: 11

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