Work

Identifying Key Factors for Implant Failure in a Periodontally Treated Population: A Retrospective Analysis

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: Background: The long-term success of dental implants is often compromised in patients with a history of periodontitis.This study aimed to identify the specific pre-implant clinical, demographic, and systemic risk factors associated with implant failure in a large cohort of periodontally susceptible patients who had received prior non-surgical therapy.Material and Methods: This retrospective cohort study utilized electronic health records from the multi-center BigMouth network (2011)(2012)(2013)(2014)(2015)(2016)(2017)(2018)(2019)(2020)(2021)(2022).A final cohort of 434 patients with a history of periodontitis was analyzed at the patient level.Patients were stratified into an implant failure group (n=32) and a survival group (n=402).A comprehensive range of pre-implant variables, including detailed periodontal measurements from the most recent exam before surgery, demographics, and systemic conditions, was compared using t-tests and Chi-squared tests.Binary logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (OR) for significant predictors.Results: The analysis revealed that the severity of pre-existing periodontal disease was the primary predictor of failure.The failure group had a significantly higher pre-implant Mean Probing Depth (3.34 mm vs. 3.07 mm, p=0.0311) and more sites with PPD ≥ 4mm (p=0.0488).Logistic regression showed that for every 1 mm increase in Mean PPD, the odds of implant failure increased by a factor of 2.45 (OR=2.45,95% CI: 1.08-5.56).Other patient-level factors, including demographics, systemic conditions, and medication use, as well as implant-level characteristics, were not significantly associated with implant failure.Conclusions: The severity of residual periodontal disease, specifically elevated pre-implant probing depths, is the most significant and powerful predictor of dental implant failure in patients with a history of non-surgically managed periodontitis.Achieving periodontal stability before surgery is paramount for long-term implant success in this high-risk population.

Source: Journal of Clinical and Experimental Dentistry

DOI: 10.4317/jced.63296

Authors: GS. Chatzopoulos, LF. Wolff

Institutions: University of Minnesota, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University of Minnesota System

Language: English

Topic: Dental Implant Techniques and Outcomes

Subfield: Oral Surgery

Field: Dentistry

Domain: Health Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: diamond

Funder: University of Minnesota