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Veno-Venous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (VV-ECMO) as Treatment for Transfusion-Related Acute Lung Injury

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) manifests as acute lung injury and hypoxemia occurring several hours after transfusion. While treatment typically involves cessation of the transfusion and supportive measures, severe cases may necessitate mechanical ventilation, including the initiation of veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO). In this case, we present a severe instance of TRALI after a blood transfusion during a femoral endarterectomy. The patient's condition deteriorated intra-operatively post-transfusion, marked by worsening hypoxia and ventilator dyssynchrony, necessitating increased sedation, paralytics, and inhaled nitric oxide. With the patient's respiratory status continuing to decline, VV-ECMO was initiated, resulting in complete recovery of lung function. Our report underscores the rare recovery of TRALI with ECMO, highlighting its efficacy during the acute phase of a transfusion reaction.

Source: Cureus

DOI: 10.7759/cureus.93347

Authors: Steven Douedi, Ashraf Sliem, Mihir Odak, Muhammad Raza, Jonathan Stoll, Joseph Lee

Institutions: Deborah Heart and Lung Center, Southern Ocean Medical Center, Hackensack Meridian Health

Language: English

Topic: Mechanical Circulatory Support Devices

Subfield: Biomedical Engineering

Field: Engineering

Domain: Physical Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: diamond

OpenAlex ID: W4414565938