Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: Deep-well radar telemetry over ultra-long cables suffers from strong frequency-selective attenuation and impedance drift under high temperature and pressure. We have proposed a channel-adaptive "communication + acquisition" architecture for a 7500 m borehole radar system. The scheme integrates spread-spectrum time domain reflectometry (SSTDR; m-sequence with BPSK) to monitor the cable in situ, identify termination/cable impedance, and adaptively match the load, thereby reducing reflection-induced loss. On the receiving side, we combine time domain adaptive equalization-implemented as an LMS-driven FIR filter-with frequency domain OFDM equalization based on least-squares (LS) channel estimation, enabling constellation recovery and robust demodulation over the distorted channel. The full processing chain is realized in real time on a Xilinx Artix-7 (XC7A100T) FPGA with module-level reuse and pre-stored training sequences for efficient hardware scheduling. In a field deployment in the Shunbei area at 7500 m depth, radar results show high agreement with third-party geological logs: the GR-curve correlation reaches 0.92, the casing reflector at ~7250 m is clearly reproduced, and the key bottom depth error is 0.013%. These results verify that the proposed system maintains stable communication and accurate imaging in harsh deep-well environments while remaining compact and implementable on cost-effective hardware.
Source: Sensors
DOI: 10.3390/s25195994
Authors: Handing Liu, Huanyu Yang, Changjin Bai, Siming Li, Cheng Guo, Qing Zhao
Language: English
Subfield: Aerospace Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $3,137
Award: G7125566462
OpenAlex ID: W4414592967