Work

Connectivity-Aware Route Design and Frequency Setting for Connected and Automated Shuttles

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: The advent of Connected and Automated Shuttles (CAS) offers a transformative approach to public transportation, promising enhanced efficiency, safety, and user experience through a tailored service. This paper presents a multi-objective optimization framework for CAS systems, focusing on two critical dimensions: connectivity Quality of Service (QoS) and User Travel Demand (UTD). By integrating these objectives, we aim to develop a balanced and effective CAS deployment strategy that maximizes operational efficiency while meeting diverse user needs. The optimization framework employs a hybrid approach that combines simulation-based modeling, heuristic algorithms, and multi-objective evolutionary techniques.We proposed three case studies representing urban transit scenarios of different sizes and complexity to demonstrate the framework’s applicability and effectiveness. We have achieved median values of hypervolume up to 880 representing a wide range of solutions going from full connectivity to serving the maximum number of passengers according to the shuttles’ capacity. Trade-off values for our three case studies was higher than 0.9 in the 83% of the studied cases.

Source: IEEE Access

DOI: 10.1109/access.2025.3615310

Authors: Elhadja Chaalal, Daniel H. Stolfi, Ayat Zaki-Hindi, Sébastien Faye

Institution: Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology

Language: English

Topic: Transportation and Mobility Innovations

Subfield: Automotive Engineering

Field: Engineering

Domain: Physical Sciences

SDGs: Industry, innovation and infrastructure, Sustainable cities and communities

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $2,075