Work

Trigger Factors of Primary Cerebral Hemorrhage Onset: A Case‐Crossover Study

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: ABSTRACT Background and Aims Compared to traditional chronic risk factors, our understanding of trigger factors for cerebral hemorrhage (ICH) remains relatively primitive. This study aims to identify common trigger factors associated with ICH onset and investigate their diurnal variations in exposure patterns. Methods The study population comprised patients with first‐ever primary ICH in Chongqing, Southwest China from January 1, 2024 to December 31, 2024. This is a case‐crossover study, and we compared each patient's exposure during case periods with their own control periods. Through comparative analysis between trigger periods and stable periods, we identified potential trigger factors and further examined diurnal exposure differences between daytime and nighttime. Results The study included 1088 ICH patients (mean age 59.6 ± 16.1 years; 632 males [58.1%]). Significant triggers included Valsalva maneuvers (OR 3.05, 95% CI: 2.43–3.83, p < 0.001), strenuous exercise (OR 4.38, 95% CI: 3.53–5.45, p < 0.001), sudden change of position (OR 3.34, 95% CI: 2.65–4.21, p < 0.001), temperature change (OR 1.98, 95% CI: 1.58–2.47, p < 0.001), and anger intensity (level 3: OR 5.07, 95% CI: 3.65–7.05, p < 0.001; level 4: OR 7.08, 95% CI: 5.08–9.87, p < 0.001). Notably, daytime exposures to both Valsalva maneuvers (OR 1.38, 95% CI: 1.04–1.82, p = 0.024) and strenuous exercise (OR 3.75, 95% CI: 2.72–5.16, p < 0.001) were associated with significantly higher risks compared to nighttime exposures. Conversely, intense anger (level 4) during daytime showed a reduced risk relative to nighttime (OR 0.58, 95% CI: 0.39–0.86, p = 0.008). Conclusion We identified several triggering factors associated with ICH onset, some of which exhibited distinct diurnal variations in exposure patterns. These findings provide novel insights into the pathophysiology of cerebrovascular rupture and offer evidence‐based references for targeted ICH prevention strategies.

Source: Health Science Reports

DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.71261

Authors: Yun‐Tao Pu, Yan‐Yue Wang, Ya‐Yun Xiang, Miao Zhao

Institution: Chongqing Medical University

Language: English

Topic: Intracerebral and Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Research

Subfield: Neurology

Field: Medicine

Domain: Health Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $3,280