Work

Co-infection of active pulmonary tuberculosis and invasive pulmonary aspergillosis following a liver transplant: a case report

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: We report a rare case of co-infection involving pulmonary tuberculosis and invasive aspergillosis following a liver transplant. CASE PRESENTATION: A 25-year-old female housewife immigrant from Afghanistan, who had autoimmune hepatitis and underwent a liver transplant, presented with a history of fever and cough for over a month. Probable diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis and invasive aspergillosis was made by chest CT, as evidenced by a positive AFB and aspergillosis smear, and MTB PCR, along with the presence of galactomannan antigen in the BAL fluid. The patient improved after 9 months of treatment with anti-tuberculosis and anti-fungal. CONCLUSIONS: In an endemic setting, the probability of pulmonary tuberculosis is elevated, and co-infection with invasive pulmonary aspergillosis, though rare, is significantly more complex. Early detection and targeted management are crucial for improving outcomes.

Source: BMC Infectious Diseases

DOI: 10.1186/s12879-025-11603-0

Authors: Sara Abolghasemi, Masoud Mardani, Maryam Valikhani, Amirhassan Rabbani, Mahmood Amiri

Institutions: Shahid Beheshti University, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Imam Hossein Hospital, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Taleghani General Hospital

Language: English

Topic: Antifungal resistance and susceptibility

Subfield: Infectious Diseases

Field: Medicine

Domain: Health Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $3,090